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Rhododendron niveum Hook. f.
Vernacular name: State Tree of Sikkim
English: Bell Snow Rhododendron, Snow leaved Rhododendron
Kumaoni: Burans
Nepali: Gurans
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Kingdom: Plantae – plantes, Planta, Vegetal, plants
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Infrakingdom: Streptophyta– land plants
Superdivision: Embryophyta
Division: Tracheophyta– vascular plants, tracheophytes
Subdivision: Spermatophytina– spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames
Class: Magnoliopsida
Superorder: Asteranae
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae– heaths, éricacées
Genus: Rhododendron L. – azaleas, rhododendron
Species:Rhododendron niveum Hook. f. - Bell Snow Rhododendron, Snow leaved Rhododendron
Phytogeography:It is native to Northeast India, Bhutan and southern Tibet.
Plant description: Shrub to small trees, 2-5 meters high, generallybranched at base. Stems cracked and fissured by flakes.
Leaves: Leaves oblong-lanceolate,10-25 × 4-5 cm, shining green above, tomentose, snow-white below, turningsilvery grey on maturity.
Flowers: Inflorescence is large, globose, 15-20 cm. Flowers inclusters of 15 – 20; corolla tubular-campanulate, smoky blue to purple-mauve.
Fruits or seeds: Ripe fruits can be seen upto December
Flowering season: April-May
Propagation: Seeds, cuttings
Parts used: Leaves
Phytochemical Constituents: Caffeic acid; Chlorogenic acid; Ellagic acid; Gallic acid; Kaempferol; Phenolic acids; Protocatechin acid; Querecetin; Rutin;
Pharmacological actions: Antioxidant; Cardioprotective; Free radical scavanger;
Medicinal uses: Cardiopathy;
Other uses: The plants are having aesthetic value and are beingcultivated in gardens through Europe and America. It is also used in horticulture forgrafting and hybridization. Socio-economic uses are not recorded.
References
ITIS, 2017, “Rhododendron L.,” Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database, April4, 2017. [Web Reference]
Kholia B.S., “SIKKIM,”Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre, Botanical Survey of India, Gangtok. [Web Reference]
Prakash D., et al.,2007, “Free-radical scavenging activities of Himalayan rhododendrons,” Current Science; 92(4):526-532. [Web Reference]
Singh K.K., et al.,2010, “The Influence of temperature, light and pre-treatment on the seed germination of critically endangered Sikkim Himalayan rhododendron (R. niveum Hook f.),” Journal of American Science; 6(8): 173-177. [Web Reference]