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Indian Republic Day
Abha* & Avdisha*
* Students, Wisdom World School, Kurukshetra, Haryana
-------------------------------------------------
India is a self-governing country since 15th of August 1947. India got independence from the British rule on 15th of August in 1947 which we celebrate as Independence Day. However, on 26th of January since 1950 we celebrate as Republic Day. The Constitution of India came into force on 26th of January in 1950, so we celebrate this day as the Republic Day every year.
Republic Day in India is celebrated every year with great honour on 26th of January to honour the Constitution of India as it came into force on the same day in the year 1950. However, it was adopted on 26 November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly. It had replaced the Government of India Act, 1935 into the governing document of the India. At this day, a national holiday is declared by the Indian Government. The new Indian constitution was sketched and approved by the Indian Constituent Assembly and decided to celebrate it on 26th of January every year as India became a republic country.
Republic day celebration is a huge national event celebration in India especially for students in the schools, colleges and other educational institutions. Varieties of activities are run by the teachers to enhance student’s skill and knowledge about Republic day of India. Speech recitation and group discussion are some of the most important activities on Republic Day of India.
Republic means the supreme power of the people living in the country and only public has rights to elect their representatives as political leader to lead the country in right direction. So, India is a Republic country where public elects its leaders as a President, Prime Minister, etc. Our Great Indian freedom fighters have struggled a lot to the “Purna Swaraj” in India. They did so that their future generations may live without struggle and led country ahead.
Indian Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly. It took around three years (actually two years, eleven months and eighteen days) to be written. A Drafting Committee was set up by the Constituent Assembly on 29th of August in 1947 to draft the Constitution under the Chairmanship of Baba Sahab Dr. Bhim Roa Ambedkar. Some important figures of the drafting committee were also Jawaharlal Nehru, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, C. Rajagopalachari, Sanjay Phakey, Balwantrai Mehta, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Kanaiyalal Munshi, Rajendra Prasad, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Nalini Ranjan Ghosh, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, and Sandipkumar Patel. Some important women members of the committee were Sarojini Naidu, Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, Durgabai Deshmukh, Hansa Mehta, and Vijayalakshmi Pandit. Constitution of India gives rights to its citizens to select their own government.
On this day, in the National capital, New Delhi, a salute of 21 guns is given to the Indian National Flag and then National Anthem is sung. A huge parade by the Indian armed forces is held in front of the President of India and chief guest. School students also participate in the parade to show their creativity in the form of dance and songs. It also includes state wise tableau on the Rajpath to display the unity in diversity in India.
As per the great Indian culture and tradition अतिथि देवो भव: (Atithi Devo Bhav), every celebration of Republic Day or Independence Day welcomes dignitaries across the world. Below is the list of all the chief guests welcomed in India at each Republic Day from the year India was declared as the Republic country.
Year | Guest Name | Country |
2018 | Sultan and incumbent Prime Minister, Hassanal Bolkiah | Brunei |
Prime Minister, Hun Sen | Cambodia | |
President, Joko Widodo | Indonesia | |
Prime Minister, Thongloun Sisoulith | Laos | |
Prime Minister, Najib Razak | Malaysia | |
President, Htin Kyaw | Myanmar | |
President, Rodrigo Roa Duterte | Philippines | |
President, Halimah Yacob | Singapore | |
Prime Minister, Prayuth Chan-ocha | Thailand | |
Prime Minister, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc | Vietnam | |
2017 | Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan | Abu Dhabi |
2016 | President, Francois Hollande | France |
2015 | President, Barack Obama | USA |
2014 | Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe | Japan |
2013 | King, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck | Bhutan |
2012 | Prime minister, Yingluck Shinawatra | Thailand |
2011 | President, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | Indonesia |
2010 | President, Lee Myung Bak | Republic of Korea |
2009 | President, Nursultan Nazarbayev | Kazakhstan |
2008 | President, Nicolas Sarkozy | France |
2007 | President, Vladimir Putin | Russia |
2006 | King, Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud | Saudi Arabia |
2005 | King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck | Bhutan |
2004 | President, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva | Brazil |
2003 | President, Mohammed Khatami | Iran |
2002 | President, Cassam Uteem | Mauritius |
2001 | President, Abdelaziz Bouteflika | Algeria |
2000 | President, Olusegun Obasanjo | Nigeria |
1999 | King, Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev | Nepal |
1998 | President, Jacques Chirac | France |
1997 | Prime Minister, Basdeo Panday | Trinidad and Tobago |
1996 | President, Dr. Fernando Henrique Cardoso | Brazil |
1995 | President, Nelson Mandela | South Africa |
1994 | Prime Minister, Goh Chok Tong | Singapore |
1993 | Prime Minister, John Major | United Kingdom |
1992 | President, Mário Soares | Portugal |
1991 | President, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | Maldives |
1990 | Prime Minister, Anerood Jugnauth | Mauritius |
1989 | General Secretary, Nguyen Van Linh | Vietnam |
1988 | President, Junius Jayewardene | Sri Lanka |
1987 | President, Alan Garcia | Peru |
1986 | Prime Minister, Andreas Papandreou | Greece |
1985 | President, Raúl Alfonsín | Argentina |
1984 | King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck | Bhutan |
1983 | President, Shehu Shagari | Nigeria |
1982 | King, Juan Carlos I | Spain |
1981 | President, Jose Lopez Portillo | Mexico |
1980 | President, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing | France |
1979 | Prime Minister, Malcolm Fraser | Australia |
1978 | President, Patrick Hillery | Ireland |
1977 | First Secretary, Edward Gierek | Poland |
1976 | Prime Minister, Jacques Chirac | France |
1975 | President, Kenneth Kaunda | Zambia |
1974 | President, Josip Broz Tito | Yugoslavia |
Prime Minister, Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike | Sri Lanka | |
1973 | President, Mobutu Sese Seko | Zaire |
1972 | Prime Minister, Seewoosagur Ramgoolam | Mauritius |
1971 | President, Julius Nyerere | Tanzania |
1970 | - | |
1969 | Prime Minister, Todor Zhivkov | Bulgaria |
1968 | Prime Minister, Alexei Kosygin | Soviet Union |
President, Josip Broz Tito | Yugoslavia | |
1967 | - | |
1966 | - | |
1965 | Food and Agriculture Minister, Rana Abdul Hamid | Pakistan |
1964 | - | |
1963 | King, Norodom Sihanouk | Cambodia |
1962 | - | |
1961 | Queen, Elizabeth II | United Kingdom |
1960 | President, Kliment Voroshilov | Soviet Union |
1959 | - | |
1958 | Marshall Ye Jianying | People’s Republic of China |
1957 | - | |
1956 | - | |
1955 | Governor General, Malik Ghulam Muhammad | Pakistan |
1954 | King, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck | Bhutan |
1953 | - | |
1952 | - | |
1951 | - | |
1950 | President, Sukarno | Indonesia |